Smelling salts, also referred to as ammonia salts, have long been used across many different settings, ranging from the revival of those who have fainted to the administration of a sudden boost of alertness to athletes. In hockey, the use of such inhalants has become the subject of debate, especially as regards their health implications for athletes.
Understanding Ammonia Salts.
Smelling salts are usually made of ammonium carbonate and perfume, releasing ammonia gas upon activation. The inhalation of the gas causes irritation to the nasal and lung membranes, resulting in an inhalation reflex that can temporarily heighten alertness and breathing rate. This action has caused athletes, such as hockey players, to utilize smelling salts in hopes that they improve performance by enhancing concentration and energy levels.
Health Risks Involved with Use.
Although the short-term stimulating properties of ammonia salts may appear to be positive, a number of health issues have been associated with their use.
Respiratory Problems: Ammonia is a strong irritant. At high levels, it can produce extensive damage to the respiratory system, resulting in conditions like bronchospasm or even chemical burns to the airways. Even at lower levels, repeated exposure can lead to chronic respiratory irritation.
Neurological Issues: The immediate inhalation reflex caused by smelling salts can lead to a jerky movement of the head. If there is an undiagnosed neck injury on the part of a player, this jerky movement could be harmful and result in serious effects.
Questionable Efficacy: There is limited and inconclusive research on the performance-enhancing effects of ammonia inhalants. Some studies indicate a possible psychological enhancement, but others have found no effect on physical performance measures. This calls into question the rationale for their use, particularly when balanced against possible health consequences.
Recent Developments in Hockey.
The application of ammonia salts in hockey has been questioned. In particular, Hockey Quebec recently prohibited the use of these inhalants following incidents in which coaches handed them out to young players. This move highlights the increasing concern among the hockey community regarding the safety and suitability of smelling salts, especially among younger athletes.
Conclusion.
Although smelling salts have been used traditionally to heighten alertness, their use in sports such as hockey is fraught with dubious health risk and unsubstantiated benefits. Players, coaches, and medical staff must be cautious, putting the well-being and safety of the athletes above unsubstantiated performance gains. As the sport of hockey learns more about these issues, it is essential to have educated debate and develop guidelines that serve to protect players at all levels.
